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| Solar Region Summary | Current Solar Videos |
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Videos update every 3 to 6 hrs. Corresponding images update every 05 minutes Select individual movies below |
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| Geophysical Alert Message | |
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| Space Weather Alerts Issued in the last 24 hours |
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| Solar and Geophysical Activity Summary |
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Satellite Environment 3 Day
Plot
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| Costello Geomagnetic Activity Index |
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Current
15-minute Costello Geomagnetic Activity Index List
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This
graphic shows the latest output over the past 24 hours in two
panels. The top panel plots the magnitude of the predicted index
in Kp units and the 3-hour interval over which the prediction is
valid (solid bar for the latest and dotted for older
predictions). Error bars are plotted on the most recent
prediction to show the 50% confidence interval. The most recent
observed estimates of the Kp index, as determined by the US Air
Force, are overplotted in blue. The predictions are color coded
according to the amount of solar wind data that was available for
each model run, ranging from green (most data) to yellow (little
data). The bottom panel plots the lead time of the prediction,
which is the propagation time from L1 to the Earth. Note that the
lead time points are plotted at the model run time whereas the
corresponding prediction points in the top panel are plotted at
the model valid time (run time + propagation time), which is
usually 30-90 minutes into the future. The Costello Geomagnetic Activity Index model was developed by Kirt Costello at Rice University under support from the US Air Force and Sterling Software, Inc. It is a neural network algorithm that was trained on the response of the Kp geomagnetic activity index to solar wind parameters. The model takes the most recent two hours of solar wind data and returns a 3-hour activity index prediction in units of Kp. The valid time of the prediction is indicated on the output graphics by horizontal bars. SEC's test product based on this model is an estimate of the geomagnetic activity level, in Kp units, generated every 15 minutes. |
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| Solar Wind Plasma |
| ACE DATA |
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Scroll to end for current data |
| STEREO A DATA |
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Scroll to end for current data |
| STEREO B DATA |
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ACE 2
Hour Plot Magnetic field and Plasma Updated every 10 minutes
Click Image for
larger View
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Real-Time Solar
Wind data dials
Dials are updated
every 10 minutes with data averaged over last 15 minutes. The data are the Real-Time Solar Wind data broadcast from NASA's ACE satellite.
How
to read and understand the ACE Solar Wind dials
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| MDI Farside Image |
These
images are whole-Sun maps of magnetic activity. They show 360
degrees of longitude in the Carrington coordinate system normally
used for solar observations. The map extent is from south pole to
north pole in an equal area projection. The solar equator and
each 60 degrees of longitude are marked.The Earthside, or near-side, data are smoothed magnetic flux as measured by MDI. The images are shown to 70 degrees from disk center. Each magnetogram takes only one minute to observe. The farside images are maps of wave speed variations with locations of faster wave speed shown darker. These darker regions indicate locations where there is an accumulation of magnetic field on the far surface. The farside images can only be computed out to 45 degrees from the farside disk center as (un)seen from Earth. A full 24-hours of MDI surface velocity data is used to compute each image. |
| Current Space Weather Indices |
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| Auroral Activity |
Northern
Hemisphere
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Southern
Hemisphere
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This plot shows the
current extent and position of the auroral oval in the northern
and southern hemisphere, extrapolated from measurements taken
during the most recent polar pass of the NOAA POES satellite. The red arrow points toward the noon meridian. The statistical pattern depicting the auroral oval is appropriate to the auroral activity level determined from the power flux observed during the most recent polar satellite pass. The power fluxes in the statistical pattern are color coded on a scale from 0 to 10 ergs .cm-2.sec-1 according to the color bar on the right. The pattern has been oriented with respect to the underlying geographic map using the current universal time, updated every ten minutes. This presentation provides an estimate of the location, extent, and intensity of aurora on a global basis. For example, the presentation gives a guide to the possibility that the aurora is located near a given location in the northern and southern hemisphere under the conditions that existed at the time of the most recent polar satellite pass. Normalization factor (n) A normalization factor of less than 2.0 indicates a reasonable level of confidence in the estimate of power. The more the value of n exceeds 2.0, the less confidence should be placed in the estimate of hemispheric power and the activity level. The process to estimate the hemispheric power, and the level of auroral activity, involves using this normalization factor which takes into account how effective the satellite was in sampling the aurora during its transit over the polar region. A large (> 2.0) normalization factor indicates that the transit through the aurora was not very effective and the resulting estimate of auroral activity has a lower confidence. |
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| Report of Solar-Geophysical Activity |
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| Weekly Highlights and Forecasts |
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| SOHO Pick of the Week |
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Serial CMEs NEW May 31 – June 06, 2010 The Sun unleashed a series of four coronal mass ejections CMEs just in two-days (May 22-24, 2010) as the STEREO Ahead spacecraft watched the action. While the Sun has not been very active over the last two years, it can still pack some punches when it decides to. In the coronagraph images, the Sun, blocked out by an occulting disk (seen as red), is represented by a white disk to show its relative size. CMEs are large solar storms that expel a billion tons of matter at a million miles per hour or more. |
| Solar, Earth Atmospheric and Climate Gallery |
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Saved
By A Weather Satellite
May 30, 2010 This is a story about an incredibly challenging rescue that took place on January 2nd, 2010, 250 miles off the shore of North Carolina. Dennis Clements was on his way to the Caribbean when severe weather struck and damaged his boat leaving him alone in the middle of the frigid Atlantic Ocean. Miraculously, after an hour floating in the cold water, he bumped into a life raft thrown by the US Coast Guard and shortly after that he was pulled out by a Navy rescue diver. |
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Dark
Filament
May 22, 2010 This SDO close-up of a filament and active region, taken in extreme UV light, shows a dark and elongated filament hovering above the Sun’s surface (May 18, 2010). The bright regions beneath it, which show where heating is going on in the magnetic field, send up shafts of plasma that trace magnetic field lines emerging from them. Filaments are cooler clouds of gas that are suspended by tenuous magnetic fields. They are often unstable and commonly erupt. This one is estimated to be at least 60 Earth diameters long (about 500,000 miles). |
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Solar
Eruption and a Flare
May 22, 2010 An AIA image in 193 Å after a solar eruption and a flare. The dark regions show the site of evacuated material from the eruption, and the large magnetic loops were formed during the flare. |
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The
Smog Bloggers
May 18, 2010 Has pollen got you sneezing? Wondering what's causing that mysterious afternoon haze? How do you find out what's in the air you are breathing? For the thousands of people who visit the University of Maryland Baltimore County's "Smog Blog" each day, the answer is just a web click away. The Smog Bloggers combine laser measurements of current air quality with NASA satellite data to paint a daily picture of air pollution across the US. |
| Latest Space Weather News |
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SDO:
Commissioning and Handover
May 18, 2010 In order to provide the clearest scientific data for its entire 5 year mission, SDO had to undergo a rigorous, 2 month testing phase. After giving it an all-clear, the team of people who designed, built and tested the satellite now have to say goodbye as they hand it over to the scientists who will begin collecting data. |
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Shocking
recipe for making killer electrons
Mar. 11, 2010 Take a bunch of fast-moving electrons, place them in orbit and then hit them with the shock waves from a solar storm. What do you get? Killer electrons. That’s the shocking recipe revealed by ESA’s Cluster mission. Killer electrons are highly energetic particles trapped in Earth's outer radiation belt, which extends from 12 000 km to 64 000 km above the planet’s surface. |
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